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OCR: Coionialism is a system in which one nation occupies and governs foreign land, for economic or military gain Modern colonialism has its origins ir 6th century when nations iike England Spain Portuqal France and the Netheriands conquered and exploited iarge areas of North and South A merica India and southeast Asia. the iate I9th and early 20th centuries, Germany the United States, Belgium, Italy Japan, and Russia competed foi new colon ies. They dominated China, Africa and the Middie East in order assure raw materials, establish military bases and open markets for their products Competition among worid powers for new colonies was one the major causes World War Coionialism deciined after World War when independence movements and the cost of maintaining colonies led most Western Dowers to gi ...